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strongly influenced by nutritional, physical, and genetic environmental factors. In vitro studies have shown a key molecular involvement of vitamin D in skeletal muscle effort and its association with muscle pain and weakness ( Bollen et al. 2022
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-inflammatory nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and vitamin E have been used to ameliorate sarcopenia and boost muscle functions in DM ( Mostad et al. 2006 , Amin et al. 2018 , Lee & Lim 2018 ). In addition, some anti-oxidants, including resveratrol
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derivative, retinoic acid, which acts a ligand in various nuclear receptors ( Chambon 1996 , Petkovich & Chambon 2022 ). Similarly, vitamin D is hydroxylated and 1,25 hydroxycholecalciferol is a ligand of the vitamin D nuclear receptor, which acts as a
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. Vitamins Several studies have reported low levels of vitamins C and D in SARS-CoV-2 infection ( Arvinte et al. 2020 , Kalyanaraman 2020 ), and a strong correlation has been established between these vitamin levels in the organism and COVID-19 severity
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modulate aging-related processes position them as promising candidates for anti-aging nutraceutical support. The significance of vitamin D in skeletal muscle function, particularly its antioxidant action in counteracting muscle dysfunction has been
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with Robin Willson, and particularly those of the widest and most-enduring interest to the field of free-radical chemistry and biology, the direct observation of the ‘repair’ of radicals formed from the antioxidants, vitamin E and thiols, by ascorbate
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Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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defensive mechanisms against oxidative stress challenges. More specifically, it has been observed that SRB1 KO mice had 64% less vitamin E levels in the lung ( Mardones et al. 2002 ), therefore being more susceptible to oxidative damage. In addition, SR-B1
Department of Translational Medicine, University of East Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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biology. In the peripheral blood of humans, this oxysterol is present in the range of 0.25–0.86 µM, i.e. 100–350 µg/L ( Dzeletovic et al. 1995 ), a blood concentration higher than that of vitamin D (30–100 µg/L) ( Holick 2009 , Sempos et al . 2018
Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Biomedical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
Department of Physiology, Medicine and Dentistry School, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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stress in sepsis. The strategies developed to date are diverse, from the use of cellular antioxidants such as selenium (NCT00207844) or glutamine (NCT00133978, NCT01367223) to vitamin C and vitamin D (NCT04216459) or vitamin B1 (NCT03380507), some
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transformation from NAFL to NASH ( Dixon et al, 2012 , Tsurusaki et al. 2019 , Li et al. 2020 ). Vitamin E (vitE), clinically indicated for the treatment of NASH, is a lipophilic antioxidant that inhibits LPO ( Sanyal et al. 2010 ). LPO is a critical
